Section 7: Violations & Penalties
The penalty kick is governed by Section 13, which sets out the offences for which a penalty is awarded and how the kick is taken (Section 13).
Player misconduct is governed by Section 15. It provides for temporary dismissal and for a player to be permanently dismissed from the field for serious offences (Section 15).
Offside (Section 14) and knock-on or forward pass (Section 10) are the infringements most often penalised in open play, restarting with a penalty kick or a scrum (Section 12) as those Sections prescribe.
The referee and touch judges apply and enforce these provisions, with their authority set out in Section 16 and their decisions signalled as shown in Section 17 (Section 16).