AFL

The football is governed by Law 4. It must be of symmetrical oval shape, 720-730 millimetres in circumference and 545-555 millimetres transverse circumference, and inflated to a pressure of 69 kPa (Law 4.1).

The playing surface is an oval ground governed by Law 3. It must measure between 135 metres and 185 metres in length and between 110 metres and 155 metres in width (Law 3.2).

Each team may have 18 players on the playing surface at any one time, with no more than four interchange players (Law 5.1). Variation of that number is provided for separately (Law 5.2).

A match consists of four quarters, with duration and intervals set under Law 10.1. Play commences, and is restarted at the centre, by a throw-up (Law 13); the general procedure for throwing up the football is at Law 14.

Scoring is governed by Law 16. A Goal is the recording of six points, and a Behind the recording of one point, as defined in Law 1.1 and scored under Law 16.1.

Free kicks are the primary sanction for on-field infringements (Law 18), awarded to the non-offending team. Where an advantage exists, the Umpire may direct play to continue instead (Law 21).

Boots, jewellery and protective equipment are regulated under Law 9. Items likely to cause injury are prohibited (Law 9.2), equipment may be inspected (Law 9.3), and an Umpire may order a player off the playing surface until an offending item is removed (Law 9.4).