Section 7: Violations & Penalties
An illegal pitch under Rule 4.3 (Effects, Rules 4.3.1 to 4.3.7) is ruled a delayed dead ball: a ball is awarded to the batter if the pitch is not hit, and if the batter hits the illegal pitch, the offense has the option of taking the award for the illegal pitch or the result of the play. A pitcher removed from the pitching position for repeatedly violating the pitching rules, or for exceeding the charged defensive conference limit, is declared an illegal pitcher under Rule 4.8 and may not return to pitch for the remainder of the game, though the player may play another defensive position or bat.
Batting out of order (Rule 5.4.1) is an appeal play: if discovered before the incorrect batter completes their turn at bat, the correct batter may take their place and assume the existing ball-and-strike count; if discovered after the incorrect batter has completed a turn at bat, the proper batter is declared out and any advance or score resulting from the improper at-bat is nullified.
Rule 5.1.30 (interference) and Rule 5.1.32 (obstruction) carry base-award or out penalties depending on which team commits the violation: an offensive player who impedes a fielder attempting to make a play is called out under the relevant provisions of Rule 5.10.3, while a fielder who impedes a runner without possessing the ball, and not in the act of fielding a batted ball, results in the obstructed runner and other affected runners being awarded the base(s) they would have reached absent the obstruction (Rule 5.10.2). A batter who enters the box with, or is discovered using, an altered or illegal bat is ejected from the game and the bat is removed (Rule 5.4.3.b.iii). A game may be forfeited to the non-offending team under Rule 1.2.2 for reasons including a team's refusal to continue play, failure to field the required number of eligible players, or repeated rule violations after an umpire's warning.